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Full spectrum LED grow lights

What is a full spectrum LED grow light

Full spectrum grow lights for indoor plants deliver all of the colors of light for healthy plant growth. Plants will photosynthesise and grow under any color or spectrum of light. However plant spectrum can effect the rate of growth and the shape of the plant.

A Full spectrum LED grow light will deliver the proportions of blue, green and red to optimise growth rate and plant shape. 

Full spectrum plant grow lamp

The spectrum of the sun compared to grow lights

The sun spectrum is comprised of about 25% blue, 36% green and 39% red photons. This is the spectrum plants have adapted to over millions of years.
Full spectrum comparison with the sun spectrum
For many years indoor growers relied on High Intensity Discharge lamps such as High Pressure Sodium (HPS). HPS lamps emit very little blue (3-4%) and large proportions of green (54%) and then red (42%). This spectrum is orange to the human eye as there is a low proportion of blue in the spectrum. Low percentage blue can result in stretched plants that grow taller than desirable.
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Now we can use LEDs to deliver customised proportions of wavelengths of each colour of light. This means we can deliver as much red as possible at 47%, enough blue (14%) for short and dense plants and the balance in green photons (40%).

What effect do colours of light have on plants?

There are three bands of color or wavelengths of light in a full spectrum plant light.

Blue light (wavelengths 400nm  - 500nm)

Green light (wavelengths 500nm to 600nm)

Red Light (wavelengths 600nm to 700nm)

The effect of Blue Light on plant growth

Blue light, which falls in the range of approximately 400 to 500 nanometers, is a crucial player in the growth of plants. Blue light is the least photosynthetically efficient in the PAR spectrum but is essential to regulate plant shape.

Increased blue keeps plants short and dense

Blue light can inhibit stem elongation, promoting compact and sturdy plant growth. This is especially important for preventing leggy or spindly growth in indoor plants. Less than 5% blue light in the spectrum will result in very 'stretchy' or tall plants which are not desirable in an indoor growing environment. Increasing the percentage of blue in the spectrum to about 15% will reduce plant height but increased amounts of blue will not reduce plant height further.

The Role of Green Light in plant growth

Green light falls in the range of approximately 500 to 600 nanometers. While green light is often considered less essential for photosynthesis, this is not the case. Green is more photosynthetically efficient than blue light and there are added benefits regarding whole plant photosynthesis.

Green light Penetration and Photosynthesis

Green light penetrates deeper into the leaves and the canopy of plants, reaching deeper into each leaf and lower leaves that might not receive as much blue or red light. These lower leaves can still contribute to photosynthesis, enhancing overall plant productivity.

 

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